Current status of body composition assessment in sport. This equation could help practitioners estimate BF% of Asian athletes if DXA is unavailable.Īckland TR, Lohman TG, Sundgot-Borgen J, Maughan RJ, Meyer NL, Stewart AD, Müller W. Our equation for predicting BF% from anthropometric measurements is the first one based on Asian athletes. Triceps, subscapular, front thigh, and (natural log of) abdominal skinfold thicknesses, waist circumference, and female sex were positively associated with BF% ( P < 0.05). We used backward stepwise regression and the Akaike information criteria (AIC) to determine the final equation. With the first sample ( n = 95), we developed an equation to predict BF%, and then tested the equation in the second sample ( n = 21). We collected data from two samples of athletes on Singaporean national teams. We sought to estimate an equation to predict BF% in elite Asian athletes from their skinfold thickness and girth measurements, with DXA as a reference method. (Professional athletes and body builders may still get an overestimation of their body fat percentage even in Athlete mode.)Īthlete mode can be found on a number of Body Fat Monitors in the Tanita range.Researchers have predicted body fat percentage (BF%), as indicated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), from skinfold thicknesses in North American and European athletes, but not athletes from other regions. If you are 15% now and 25% in a few years time you will know something is wrong!Īthlete mode is particularly suitable for people in endurance sports like running and cycling and those in cross training. The important factor in Tanita's Body Fat Monitors is that they give consistent repeatable readings over a period of time - allowing you to monitor your health in the long-term. Some people will fall into a "grey" area between athlete and non-athlete getting a slight underestimation on athlete mode and a slight overestimation on standard adult mode. There is no exact moment when a person becomes an "athlete" and individuals vary. It could also apply to people who have a lifetime history of fitness - who used to do more than 12 hours a week but do less now. (Some people naturally have a low heart rate - it does not apply unless they exercise at that level.) They should also have been exercising at this level for at least 6 months. Tanita therefore developed a specific Athlete mode, calibrated against a representative sample of "athletes".Īs a general guideline, we recommend Athlete mode for anyone who carries out more than 12 hours of intensive aerobic exercise a week AND who has a resting heartbeat of under 60bpm. If these people were to use the standard Adult mode on a Body Fat Monitor, their readings could be overestimated. Their muscle tissue composition may differ, there will be a difference in their water to muscle ratio and overall their bodies will be denser than the average person, as muscle tissue is denser than fat. People who exercise at high levels over long periods of time exhibit differences in their muscle structure and hydration. When developing its body composition equations, Tanita found that a different equation was needed to maintain accuracy in the elite athletic population. Tanita's equations for standard Adult mode have been calibrated against clinical readings taken from a representative sample of the population, most of whom have sedentary or only moderately active lifestyles. Body fat percentage is calculated using an equation based on these and other values such as height, gender and body type. The only two values measured directly are weight and the electrical resistance (impedance) of the body. The Tanita Body Fat Monitor does not measure fat directly.
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